What is Croup?

Croup is a severe upper respiratory infection (often viral) which although it can affect adults, only causes clinically dangerous manifestations in infants and young children (who already have a very narrow upper respiratory tract). The inflammation to the upper respiratory tract causes swelling to the larynx, trachea and large bronchi. This swelling results in a “barking cough” or “seal like cough” and a stridor (inspiratory airway obstruction). The clinical risk and potential affect on the infant or child is often worsened by severe crying (due to the increased work load on the body and decrease in oxygenation). It should also be noted, that in patients with croup, a suddent lack of stridor occurs as the patient decompensates and the condition worsens.

When Does Croup Occur?

Croup is most commonly seen in winter months when the air is often cooler and drier. Croup is a common airway disease that paramedics attend to. If treated early, croup is not serious; however, if left untreated croup can be potentially fatal in a small child. If in doubt, call an Ambulance immediately!